• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a test piece (1, 2) for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor comprising: - a body (20) configured to contain a heat-sensitive sample (10) along an axis longitudinal; means (30, 40) for evacuating heat from the body (20) towards the outside of the test piece (1, 2), characterized in that the means (30, 40) for evacuating heat from the body (20) ) to the outside of the test piece (1, 2) comprise: - a peripheral structure (40) situated at the periphery of said body (20); a central structure (30) for mechanical connection between said body and said peripheral structure, said central connecting structure being configured to transfer the heat radially either perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis between the body (20) and the peripheral structure. The invention also relates to a calorimetric cell (100, 200) for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor comprising: - at least one specimen (1, 2) according to the invention; a sealed envelope in which said specimen is placed; - Temperature measuring means.
    公开号:FR3034867A1
    申请号:FR1553136
    申请日:2015-04-10
    公开日:2016-10-14
    发明作者:Michel Carette；Abdallah Lyoussi；Julie Brun；Christelle Reynard-Carette；Jean-Francois Villard；Philippe Guimbal
    申请人:Aix Marseille Universite；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a specimen for the on-line measurement of the heating in a nuclear reactor. It also relates to a calorimetric cell comprising at least one test piece according to the invention. It is particularly applicable to the field of the nuclear industry. Nuclear heating is induced in particular by the neutron and photonic radiations that exist within a nuclear reactor. The measurement of the nuclear heating allows indirect access to the radiation field in a nuclear reactor (core 15 and reflector / periphery). Nuclear energy is termed energy deposition per unit mass and time (W / g) by radiation (neutrons and photons) / matter interactions. Neutron radiation, and more precisely the number of neutron particles, also called neutron flux or fluence, can be quantified by means of specific systems such as fission chambers, collectrons or activation detectors. Photonic radiation can be quantified using specific systems such as ion chambers or collectrons. The photon and neutron radiations have the property of depositing their energy in the material, and consequently of heating it. By material, one understands matter contained in the nuclear reactor, for example the structures of the reactor, the experimental devices, and all the materials present in heart of reactor (whose nuclear fuels). It is indicated to quantify the overall nuclear heating produced by the radiations, rather than the particulate fluxes, in order to determine the effect of these radiations. This is particularly suitable for an experimental type nuclear reactor in which the internal structures and systems (experimental devices for example) differ according to the experimental channels and according to the experimental programs. It is all the more necessary to measure nuclear heating in an experimental type of nuclear reactor as it is a key size for dimensioning the experimental devices, particularly from the point of view of their mechanical strength and their thermal resistance. Nuclear heating is conventionally measured by a calorimetric method. A calorimetric method essentially consists in determining the nuclear heating of a small element of matter, which can also be called sample or nucleus, whose mass is known, by an increase in temperature (s) or a temperature difference (s). In the remainder of the description, this small element of matter will be referred to as a sample.
    [0002] The sample is usually graphite. The increase in temperatures or the temperature difference may be due to neutron and photon radiation. It may also be due to a heating system integrated into the calorimeter, combined or not with the radiation, for example to calibrate the calorimeter out of the reactor, or to implement a so-called "zero" measurement protocol in a reactor or a measurement protocol. measurement called "current addition" in a reactor. Such measurement protocols are described in patent FR 2 968 448. It is commonly used a differential calorimeter. In this case, the calorimeter comprises two test pieces. The measurement of nuclear heating by differential calorimeter is based on a double temperature difference between two essentially identical test pieces, a first test piece being solid, that is to say comprising a sample of material in which the energy deposit must be measured, and a second empty test piece serving as a reference. The energy deposit is deduced from this double temperature difference between the two specimens, and is usually expressed in W / g. Temperatures can be measured by thermocouples. One type of test piece and one type of differential calorimeter are described in the publication "Nuclear Heating Measurements in Material 3034867 3 Testing Reactor: a Comparison Between a Differential Calorimeter and a Gamma Thermometer, D. Fourmentel, C. Reynard-Carette, A. Lyoussi, JF Villard, JY Malo, Carette M., Brun J., Guimbal P., Y. Zerega, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Volume 60, Issue: 1, Part: 2, Publication 5 Year: 2013, Page ( s): 328 - 335 "The differential calorimeter is non adiabatic type insofar as there is heat exchange between the calorimeter and the heat transfer fluid outside the calorimeter. It comprises two test pieces. Each test piece comprises 3 parts: a head, a base and a rod axially connecting the head and the base. The 3 parts are extended longitudinally along the same axis. A first thermocouple is located at the base of the head at its connection with the rod. A second thermocouple is located in the middle of the base. Another type of test piece is described in the publication "Principle of Calibration of the Single Calorimeter for Nuclear Heating Measurements in MARIA Reactor and Transposition to the Case of JHR Reactor.", M. Tarchalski, K. Pytel, P. Sireta, A. Lyoussi, J. Jagielski, C. Reynard-Carette, C. Gonnier, G. Bignan, ANIMMA 2013, June 23-27, Marseille, France, ISBN 978-1-4799-1046-5.
    [0003] The test piece comprises a central cylindrical core mounted in a stainless steel casing. Between the cylindrical core and the casing is provided a space filled with gas. A thermocouple is inserted in the heart of the central core. Another thermocouple is fixed on the outside of the envelope. The temperature difference between the two thermocouples is measured.
    [0004] The test piece according to this publication does not make it possible to evacuate the heat of the sample beyond a certain deposited energy due to a layer of insulating gas surrounding the core (significant induced temperatures). Indeed, Figure 2 of this publication shows that the temperature decreases radially substantially at the level of the gas layer. To remove strong energy deposits, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the layer and / or modify the nature of the gas. In the two previously mentioned publications, specimens and calorimeters do not favor radial heat exchanges.
    [0005] An object of the invention is to provide a test piece and a calorimetric cell comprising at least one of these test pieces answering this problem.
    [0006] Therefore, and in this context, the subject of the present invention is a new specimen configuration for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor and a calorimetric cell enclosing the specimen of the invention. More specifically, the object of the invention is a specimen for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, comprising: a body configured to hold a heat-sensitive sample along a longitudinal axis; means for evacuating heat from the body towards the outside of the test piece; Characterized in that the means for discharging heat from the body to the outside of the specimen comprises: - a peripheral structure located at the periphery of said body; a central mechanical connection structure between said body and said peripheral structure, said central mechanical connection structure being configured to transfer heat radially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, between the body and the peripheral structure. The body may be configured to further contain a heating element at its center. The body can then advantageously comprise an insulating shim at its center for supporting and electrically isolating the heating element. Advantageously, the central mechanical connection structure has a dimension along the longitudinal axis less than that of the body, the central position along said longitudinal axis of said central mechanical connection structure being close to the central position along said longitudinal axis of said body. . According to variants of the invention, the body is a hollow cylinder. The outer and inner radii of said cylinder are advantageously adapted for example according to the targeted nuclear heating level (mass of the sample), the sensitivity of the desired specimen and the size of the channel to be examined. According to variants of the invention, the central structure of mechanical connection is a ring.
    [0007] According to variants of the invention, the peripheral structure is of cylindrical annular shape. The thickness of the peripheral structure can be adapted according to the size of the channel in a nuclear reactor, the target sensitivity and the targeted nuclear heating level while respecting its mechanical strength.
    [0008] According to variants of the invention, the body and / or the central mechanical connection structure and / or the peripheral structure may be made of stainless steel, aluminum, graphite, or any material compatible with nuclear irradiation. According to variants of the invention, the central mechanical connection structure is solid. According to variants of the invention, the central mechanical connection structure is perforated, comprising one or more unitary elements arranged radially between said body and said peripheral structure. The central structure of mechanical connection can thus take the form of N 20 sectors with N greater than or equal to 2, equivalent surfaces and distributed uniformly between the body and the peripheral structure. Typically, the central mechanical connection structure may be a ring cut in the form of 4 or 8 sectors of equivalent surfaces and distributed uniformly between the body and the peripheral structure.
    [0009] Typically, the central mechanical connection structure may have a height adapted to the desired sensitivity and the targeted nuclear heating level. The subject of the invention is also a calorimetric cell, for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, comprising: at least one test piece according to the invention; an envelope in which said specimen is placed; - Temperature measuring means. The casing may advantageously comprise a gas, which may for example be xenon or nitrogen or neon or helium, and be gastight.
    [0010] According to variants of the invention, the temperature measuring means comprise: first temperature measuring means located at the body interface intended to contain a sample / central structure of mechanical connection; second means for measuring temperature located at the interface: central structure of mechanical connection / peripheral structure; said first and second temperature measuring means 10 making it possible to determine the nuclear heating from measurements at a hot point and measurements at a cold point. According to variants of the invention, the temperature measuring means may be thermoelectric pairs constituted by structure elements of the test piece composed of different metals: said body intended to contain the sample in a first metal; said central structure of mechanical connection into a second metal; said peripheral structure in a third metal or in the first metal.
    [0011] According to variants of the invention, the calorimetric cell comprises at least two specimens. The specimens can be oriented longitudinally and arranged one above the other along a major axis perpendicular to the radial axis of each specimen.
    [0012] They may also be oriented transversely and arranged one above the other along a principal axis parallel to the radial axis of each specimen. According to variants of the invention, the calorimetric cell comprises a single envelope encapsulating the specimen (s).
    [0013] According to variants of the invention, the envelope is in contact with the peripheral structure (s) of the specimen (s). According to variants of the invention, the calorimetric cell comprises means for introducing a gas inside said envelope.
    [0014] According to variants of the invention, the envelope comprises unit compartments each containing a test piece so as to isolate the specimens from each other. According to variants of the invention, the envelope having connecting portions connecting the compartments to each other, said connecting portions comprise means for circulating a coolant through said connecting portions. The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example and with the figures in which: FIGS. 1a and 1b respectively illustrate a test piece according to the invention without sample and with sample; FIG. 2 illustrates various examples of core mechanical connection structures of the crown type that can be used in a test piece according to the invention; FIG. 3 illustrates a first example of a calorimetric cell of the present invention comprising two test pieces, one comprising a sample; FIG. 4 illustrates a second example of a calorimetric cell of the present invention comprising two test pieces, one comprising a sample; FIG. 5 represents the diagram of the different thermal resistances relating to the different elements involved in heat exchange in the context of a calorimetric cell comprising a test piece of the invention; FIG. 6 represents the heights and the radii of elements taken into account in the thermal resistance calculations in the context of a calorimetric cell comprising a specimen 30 of the invention; FIG. 7 illustrates the evolution of the sensitivity of the test piece response in ° C / VV obtained with an example of a cover of the invention as a function of the length of the central structure of mechanical connection; FIG. 8 illustrates the evolution of this sensitivity obtained with an exemplary specimen of the invention as a function of the conductivity of the gas used in a calorimetric cell comprising said specimen; FIG. 9 illustrates the evolution of this sensitivity obtained with an exemplary specimen of the invention as a function of the thickness / height of the central mechanical connection structure in a calorimetric cell comprising said specimen; Figure 10 illustrates vertical sections, top views and 3D vertical sections of two exemplary specimen configurations of the invention; FIG. 11 illustrates examples of response curves in terms of temperature difference as a function of the injected power, taken at the interfaces between the body / central structure of mechanical connection and central structure of mechanical connection / peripheral structure; FIGS. 12a and 12b show a specimen configuration oriented transversely in its envelope and a cell incorporating two specimens oriented transversely along a principal axis parallel to the radial axis of each specimen. According to the present invention, the test piece for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor comprises a body configured to contain a sample in which the energy deposition induced by the radiation / matter interactions is to be quantified and means for evacuating the heat of the body towards the outside of the test tube. These means comprising a peripheral structure located at the periphery of said body and a central mechanical connection structure between said body and said peripheral structure, said central connecting structure being configured to transfer the heat radially between the body and the peripheral structure. Such a test piece is configured to be integrated in a calorimetric cell comprising a sealed envelope.
    [0015] Advantageously, the central mechanical connection structure is of smaller longitudinal dimension than the body and the peripheral structure and is positioned at mid-height of the body, thus generating so-called upper and lower free spaces.
    [0016] A cylindrical test piece is described in detail below, but any other shape than a cylindrical shape can be used, with a central mechanical connection structure configured to allow radial heat removal. Figure schematically shows a sectional view of an example 10 specimen 1 not filled with sample having a central heating element. More precisely according to this example, the test piece comprises a cylindrical central body 20 having a longitudinal axis AI, a central mechanical connection structure 30 of the crown type, a peripheral structure 40, a heating element 60, a radial axis Ar being defined connecting 15 from the center to the periphery, the elements 20, 30 and 40. Figure lb shows a sectional view of the same type of specimen 2 filled with a sample 10. When the specimen is integrated in a sealed envelope to define a calorimetric cell, the heating element serves firstly in non-irradiated medium for the preliminary calibration of said cell. It then makes it possible to locally simulate nuclear heating by Joule effect. On the other hand, it can be used in a reactor in the context of so-called "zero or current addition" measurement methods for which it is necessary to provide additional energy to the energy deposited by radiation / material interaction. as described in patent FR 2 968 448. The central structure of mechanical connection makes it possible to radially create a heat transfer (conductive directional flow) from the central body to the peripheral structure, this peripheral structure ensuring contact with the envelope of the cell calorimetric and thus allowing the evacuation of the energy deposited in said calorimetric cell. The central link structure can take various configurations, in particular by being perforated to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor and thus consisting of a set of unit elements of greater or lesser surface area. Some examples of configurations are given below and illustrated by FIG. 2 which shows different configurations of crowns as central mechanical connection structures 30, between the central body 20 and the peripheral structure 40. These various configurations on the left on the right are respectively relative 5 for the central structure of mechanical connection, to a solid crown, a partially recessed crown and having either 4 large sectors, 8 sectors or 4 areas of heat exchange surface less than the 4 sector configuration larger area. To produce the calorimetric cell, the test specimen or the specimens are positioned in an envelope making it possible to encapsulate all the specimens. FIG. 3 thus illustrates a calorimetric cell configuration 100 comprising an envelope 70 encapsulating two test pieces comprising, according to the invention, a body 20, a central mechanical connection structure 30 and a peripheral structure 40, the envelope being in contact with said peripheral structure, the envelope being generally brought into contact with a flow of heat transfer fluid FI. A gas G is present in said envelope, for adjusting the sensitivity according to its thermal conductivity. In order to determine the nuclear heating from a differential measurement, one of the test pieces comprises a sample 10, the other test specimen no (specimen 1 without sample, specimen 2 with sample). This envelope may be metal, especially stainless steel. It can be a simple envelope as illustrated in FIG. 3 or an envelope comprising compartments, each of the compartments containing a specimen as represented in FIG. 4, the compartmentalized envelope makes it possible to thermally isolate the two cells between they. In FIG. 4, mechanical shims or spacer 80 are arranged in sufficient number to longitudinally hold the specimens in the casing 70. Advantageously, the casing may also be provided in its central part and at its ends, openings 90 for the passage of heat transfer fluid in which is placed the calorimetric cell.
    [0017] According to these configurations, the specimens are oriented longitudinally along a main axis Ap, said axis being perpendicular to each radial axis Ani and Ar2 of the longitudinal axis specimens respectively A11 and Al2.
    [0018] Applicants have studied the thermal behavior of a calorimetric cell incorporating a test piece of the invention, by applying a 1D analytical thermal approach (steady state, thermal conductivity of each constant material) to evaluate the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensitivity then corresponds to the equivalent equivalent thermal resistance R12 calculated between the two temperature taps Tc and Tf, respectively at the interface body / central structure of mechanical connection and central structure of mechanical connection / peripheral structure. The diagram of the different thermal resistances with the following references is given in FIG. 5: Rc: the thermal resistance of the central mechanical connection structure 30; Rgi: the thermal resistance of the gas of the upper surrounding gas layer; Rg2: the thermal resistance of the gas of the lower surrounding gas layer; Ra: the thermal resistance of the peripheral structure 40; Re: the thermal resistance of the casing 70; Rf: the thermal resistance of the fluid outside the cell. In the case where purely thermal transfers are considered, the equivalent resistance corresponds to the three parallel conductive resistances respectively: Rc, Rgi and Rg2.
    [0019] Figure 6 illustrates: - Hg gas heights; the height of the central mechanical connection structure Hc; The internal and external radii of the central mechanical connection structure respectively rcint and rcext; the thermal conductivity of the gas G Ag; the thermal conductivity of the central mechanical linkage structure. The equivalent thermal resistance is thus defined by the following equation: ## EQU1 ## This makes it possible to identify, by a simplified model, the first parameters influencing the value of the sensitivity of the cell. calorimetric, namely: the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the central structure of mechanical connection, and the gas present in the envelope, the size of the mechanical structure of connection (thickness / height).
    [0020] 2D axisymmetric 2D numerical simulations by finite element method were also performed to parametrically study the response of a calorimetric cell in the case of a configuration with a crown without recess (solid crown). The results are provided in the case of a "solid crown" type stainless steel cell containing a graphite core and for an exchange coefficient imposed on the outside of the envelope equal to 200 W / (° Cm2). ) and are illustrated in FIG. 7 for the evolution of the sensitivity as a function of the length (in the Ar axis) of the central mechanical connection structure. FIG. 8 relates to the evolution of the sensitivity as a function of the conductivity of the gas present in the calorimetric cell. FIG. 9 relates to the evolution of the sensitivity as a function of the thickness of the central structure of mechanical connection (obtained with a 1D simulation model: points C9a and a 2D simulation model: points C9b).
    [0021] 3034 86 7 13 These curves confirm that it is possible to vary the length of the central mechanical connection structure (in this case a ring), its thickness and the nature of the gas to adapt the sensitivity of the sensor according to the deposit. targeted energy. For example, under the conditions tested, the sensitivity of the cell may vary by a factor of 10 by changing the thickness of the ring from 2.5 mm to 0.25 mm. The lower the thickness, the higher the sensitivity increases and therefore the calorimeter cell can detect small variations in energy deposition.
    [0022] From the results obtained from the parametric studies, the Applicants made two examples of calorimetric cells and calibrated them in non-irradiated medium by simulating the nuclear heating in the center of the nucleus by joule effect with a heating element. FIG. 10 shows the two configurations which have been made of stainless steel, a configuration with a solid crown: called configuration A and a configuration with a crown regularly recessed at 50%: called configuration B. It can advantageously be provided for electrically insulating shim 61 which may be alumina for supporting the heating element.
    [0023] The views from above show an example of positioning of the temperature measurements (thermocouples positioned at two points), in order to recover the temperatures Tf and Tc previously defined. The sectional views show the location 600 dedicated to the heating element, the core 10, the solid or recessed central mechanical connection structure 30, the peripheral structure 40, the insulating shim 61. FIG. 11 illustrates the results obtained in terms of the temperature difference Tc-Tf (expressed in ° C), as a function of the injected power (expressed in W), represented respectively by: - the curve CiiAa with a theoretical analytical calculation for the configuration A; the curve CliAb with a thermal simulation for the configuration A; the curve CllAc with experimental results for configuration A; The curve C11Bc with experimental results for the configuration B. The response curves of these two configurations were obtained in the case of a laminar convective outdoor parietal exchange (outside water flow at 23 ° C.). They show on the one hand that the experimental results, theoretical 1D and 2D numerical simulations in the case of the configuration A are in agreement. On the other hand, these curves indicate that the cell corresponding to a recessed crown configuration (configuration B) makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of the sensor with respect to the full-crown cell (configuration A). Configuration B has a sensitivity more than twice that of configuration A (respectively -19.9 ° C / VV and -8.4 ° C / VV in this particular case study). This result is particularly interesting in the case of lower nuclear heating measurements or to increase accuracy while decreasing total cell deposition. In the case of more intense nuclear heating (in the heart of a reactor of the experimental type), it is possible to play on another parameter namely the total height of each cell. A decrease in height makes it possible to reduce the quantity of material interacting with the radiation while maintaining an equivalent sensitivity in ° C / VV and thus to reduce the energy deposits and the temperatures reached. This reduction in size also makes it possible to reduce the influence of the axial gradients, which makes it possible: to reduce the sensor to a single measuring cell; or to perform measurements with two cells (with and without cores respectively) without moving to determine the nuclear heating; or to use cells with samples of a different nature. Because of the possibility of reducing the size of each cell (decrease in height), it becomes possible to integrate the sensor horizontally into channels of diameter greater than the height of a cell with 1 or 2 cells. This makes it possible to reduce the influence of the axial gradients on the deposit in the sample. Such a configuration is illustrated in FIG. 12a which highlights the longitudinal axis AI and the radial axis Ar of a test piece. FIG. 12b shows two specimens having a longitudinal unit axis A11 and Al2 and radial axes Ani and Ar2 which are disposed within one and the same calorimetric cell 200 along a main axis of cell Ap parallel to the axes Ani and Ar2.
    权利要求:
    Claims (26)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Test tube (1,
    [0002]
    2) for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor comprising: - a body (20) configured to hold a heat-sensitive sample (10) along a longitudinal axis; means (30, 40) for evacuating heat from the body (20) to the outside of the test piece (1, 2); characterized in that the means (30, 40) for discharging heat from the body (20) to the outside of the specimen (1, 2) comprises: - a peripheral structure (40) located at the periphery of said body (20); a central mechanical connection structure (30) between said body and said peripheral structure, said central mechanical connection structure being configured to transfer heat radially, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, between the body (20) and the peripheral structure (40). The test piece (1, 2) according to claim 1, the body (20) being further configured to contain a heating element (60) at its center.
    [0003]
    3. specimen (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 or 2, the central mechanical connection structure (30) having a dimension along the longitudinal axis less than that of the body (20), the central position along 25 said longitudinal axis of said central connecting structure being close to the central position along said longitudinal axis of said body.
    [0004]
    The test piece (1, 2) according to claim 3, the body (20) further comprising a central insulating shim (61) at its center for electrically supporting and isolating the heating element (60) of the body (20). .
    [0005]
    5. Test tube (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, the body (20) being a hollow cylinder. 35
    [0006]
    6. Test tube (1, 2) according to claim 5, the central connecting structure being a crown. 3034867 17
    [0007]
    7. Test tube (1, 2) according to one of claims 5 or 6, the peripheral structure (40) being of cylindrical annular shape. 5
    [0008]
    8. test piece (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 to 7, the body and / or the central mechanical connection structure and / or the peripheral structure (40) being stainless steel aluminum, graphite, or any compatible material to nuclear irradiations.
    [0009]
    9. Test tube (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the central mechanical connection structure is full.
    [0010]
    10. Test piece (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, the central mechanical connection structure being perforated and comprising one or more unit elements arranged radially between said body (20) and said peripheral structure (40).
    [0011]
    11. Test tube (1, 2) according to claim 10, the central mechanical connection structure (30) taking the form of N sectors with N 20 greater than or equal to 2, of equivalent surfaces and distributed uniformly between the body (20) and the peripheral structure (40).
    [0012]
    12. Test piece (1, 2) according to claim 11, the central mechanical connection structure (30) being a cut-out crown in the form of 8 sectors of equivalent surfaces and distributed uniformly between the body (20) and the peripheral structure ( 40).
    [0013]
    13. Test tube (1, 2) according to claim 11, the central mechanical connection structure (30) being a ring (30) cut in the form of 4 sectors of equivalent surfaces distributed uniformly between the body (20) and the structure peripheral (40).
    [0014]
    14. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) for the measurement of nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor comprising: - at least one test piece (1, 2) according to one of claims 1 to 13, - an envelope (70) wherein said specimen is placed; - Temperature measuring means. 5
    [0015]
    The calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 14, wherein the casing comprises a gas and is gas tight.
    [0016]
    16. The calorimetry cell (100, 200) according to claim 15, the gas being xenon or nitrogen or neon or helium.
    [0017]
    17. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to one of claims 14 to 16, comprising: - first temperature measuring means (Tc) located at the body interface for containing a sample / central mechanical connection structure; second temperature measuring means (TF) located at the interface: central link structure / peripheral structure; said first and second temperature measuring means making it possible to determine the nuclear heating from measurements at a hot point and measurements at a cold point.
    [0018]
    18. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 17, the temperature measuring means integrated in the test piece being thermoelectric couples constituted by structural elements of said specimen composed of different metals: said body intended to contain the sample in a first metal; said central structure of mechanical connection into a second metal; Said peripheral structure of a third metal or the first metal.
    [0019]
    19. Calorimetry cell (100, 200) according to one of claims 14 to 18 comprising at least two specimens (1, 2). 35 3034867 19
    [0020]
    The calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 19, wherein the specimens (1, 2) are oriented longitudinally and arranged one above the other along a principal axis (An) perpendicular to the axis. radial of each specimen (An, Ar2).
    [0021]
    21. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 19, wherein the specimens (1, 2) are oriented transversely and arranged one above the other along a main axis (An) parallel to the axis. radial of each specimen (Art Ar2).
    [0022]
    22. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to one of claims 14 to 20, comprising a single envelope (70) encapsulating the specimen (s) (1, 2). 15
    [0023]
    23. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 21, the envelope (70) being in contact with the peripheral structure (s) of the specimen (s).
    [0024]
    24. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to one of claims 14 to 22, comprising means for introducing a gas inside said envelope.
    [0025]
    25. Calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to one of claims 22 or 23, the envelope comprising unit compartments each containing a test piece so as to isolate the specimens from each other.
    [0026]
    A calorimetric cell (100, 200) according to claim 24, the casing having connecting portions connecting the compartments therebetween, said connecting portions including means (90) for circulating a heat transfer fluid through said portions of link. 5 10
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    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016162470A1|2016-10-13|
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    KR20170135894A|2017-12-08|
    US10755823B2|2020-08-25|
    EP3280985A1|2018-02-14|
    JP2018518658A|2018-07-12|
    EP3280985B1|2020-08-26|
    FR3034867B1|2020-01-31|
    US20180090236A1|2018-03-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1553136|2015-04-10|
    FR1553136A|FR3034867B1|2015-04-10|2015-04-10|TEST FOR MEASURING NUCLEAR WARMING IN A NUCLEAR REACTOR, AND CALORIMETRIC CELL COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH TEST|FR1553136A| FR3034867B1|2015-04-10|2015-04-10|TEST FOR MEASURING NUCLEAR WARMING IN A NUCLEAR REACTOR, AND CALORIMETRIC CELL COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH TEST|
    PCT/EP2016/057727| WO2016162470A1|2015-04-10|2016-04-08|Test specimen for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, and calorimetric cell including at least one such test specimen|
    US15/565,119| US10755823B2|2015-04-10|2016-04-08|Sample holder for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, and calorimetric cell including at least one such sample holder|
    JP2017553164A| JP6710703B2|2015-04-10|2016-04-08|Sample holder for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, and calorimetric cell comprising at least one such sample holder|
    KR1020177031782A| KR20170135894A|2015-04-10|2016-04-08|Test specimen for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor, and calorimetric cell including at least one such test specimen|
    EP16717298.0A| EP3280985B1|2015-04-10|2016-04-08|Calorimetric cell for measuring nuclear heating in a nuclear reactor|
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